DhammaPada verses 1-20 share on the power of the mind in shaping one’s experiences, the importance of letting go of resentment and hostility, the consequences of living without restraint and moderation, the distinction between essence and non-essence, the sorrow and joy tied to one’s actions, the importance of acting according to the Dhamma, and who partakes in the true ascetic life.

The Buddha explains how Devadatta, overcome by evil desires, bad friendship, and abandoning the training, arrived at a state of prolonged suffering. Though once esteemed, his envy led to ruin. The wise should associate with those whose path leads to the end of suffering.

A headman of performers asks the Buddha about a belief that those who entertain by distortion of truth are reborn among laughing deities. The Buddha explains that such a mind leads to hell, and even holding such a belief is wrong view, resulting in rebirth in hell or the animal realm.

A warrior asks the Buddha whether dying in battle leads to rebirth among heroic deities, as taught in warrior tradition. After initially refusing to respond, the Buddha explains that a mind driven by violent intent leads not to heaven but to hell. Even holding such a belief is itself wrong view, resulting in rebirth in hell or the animal realm.

The Buddha describes two types of bhikkhus based on how they deal with thoughts of sensuality, ill will, and harming while walking, standing, sitting, and lying down, and which one is capable of reaching the highest awakening.